Formwork or shuttering for concrete and like structures



- Sept. 12, 1950 AMiLTo 2,522,360

W. H FORMWORK 0R SHUTTERING F CONCRETE AND LIKE STRUCTURES Filed Sept. 4, 1946 8 Sheets-Sheet 1- J n i I/lvenn'a R S p 1950 w. HAMILTON 2,522,360

FORMWORK OR SHUTTERING FOR CONCRETE AND LIKE STRUCTURES 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed ,Sept. 4. 1946 n n n m nmH nlHu umH J 0v\ O wa u h n n. m y

IN VQN TOR Sept. 12, 1950 Filed Sept. 4, 1946 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 j; I Lkw v z N I 39 Q 34 3 Sept. 12, 1950 w. HAMILTON FORMWORK 0R SHUTTERING FOR CONCRETE AND LIKE STRUCTURES 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 4, 1946 BWMW* wan-M b 12, 1950 w. HAMILTON 2,522,360

FORMWORK 0R SHUTTERING FOR CONCRETE AND LIKE STRUCTURES Filed Sept. 4, 1946 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVeN T R MM Wm a cum M, M vm Sept. 12, 1950 w. HAMILTON 2,522,360

FORMWORK 0R SHUTTERING FOR CONCRETE AND LIKE STRUCTURES Filed Sept. 4, 1946 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 I o o il 0 E u .zuve area ,9. LU MM Sept. 12, 1950 w. HAMILTON FORMWORK OR SHUTTERING FOR CONCRETE AND LIKE STRUCTURES 8 SheetsSheet 8 Filed Sept 4, 1946 Patented Sept. 12, 1950 FORMWORK R SHUTTERING FOE CONCRETE AND LIKE STRUCTURES William Hamilton, Frimley Green, England Application September 4, 1946, Serial No. 694,764 In Great Britain June 11, 1945 Section 1', Public Law est, August s, 1946 Patent expires June 11', 1965 This invention relates to formwork or shuttering such as is used for casting in situ concrete and like structures and has for its object to provide an improved construction whereby any desired structure can beprovided by the assemblage of an appropriate number of standardised elements which are arranged to provide an accurately dimensioned formwork which is simple and whereof the erection and dismantling can be effected with the greatest facility.

According to' this, invention, forinwork for casting concrete comprises a number of panels arranged in the same plane as one another with intervening locating liners between at least the adjacent horizontal edges thereof, all liners being rectangular in cross-section and are so dimensioned that two opposite faces thereof lie respectively in linewith the inner and outer faces of the'panels, and the other faces of at least one set of liners extending parallelwith one another being provided with multiple tongues and grooves extending along the length thereof and engaging complementary tongues and grooves formed in the edge faces of the panels.

The said intervening liners with multiple tongues and grooves are arranged between horizontal edges of superposed panels and liners have 19 Claims. (Cl. 25-131) flat opposite faces may be arranged between fiat'vertical edges of the panels arranged sideby-side.

Clamping means are arranged to-engage said liners and panels to maintain them inengagement. i a

a For casting a wall or like structure, twov sets of panels may be provided each arranged in a manner as set out above, and tie-rods are arranged adjustably toengage said sets of panels and/or said intervening liners so as to space themapart in parallel relationship according to the thickness of the wall required.

The aforesaid clamping means may comprise U-shaped clips the limbs of which respectively engage holes in the panels and in the intervening liners. I i

The abutting faces between the vertical edges of said panels and liners maybe flat and additional clamping means are provided for preventing relative backward and forward movement between them.

The aforesaid tie-rods maybe arranged to enage the horizontally disposed liners. The ends of the tierods may be provided with spaced pro- .iections along one side. thereof which engage similarly spaced projections onthe horizontal liners.

The horizontal liners maybe provided with holes each large enough to accommodate both an end of atie-bar and one limb of a U-shaped clip,

which clips thus serve the dual purpose of holding a horizontal frame member to a liner and of holding the notched end of the tie-bar inengagement with the liner.

The aforesaid liners may be formed in two interlocking parts shaped to provide a hollow structure. I

In one form of construction for the horizontal liners, they are provided with longitudinally extending grooves on the outer faces of two op"- posite walls and with similar grooves on the inner face of at least one of said-walls, which grooves are in staggered relationship with those on the outer face. With this arrangement, the grooves on the inner face serve as the means forlanchor; ing the notched ends of the tie-rods f In any of the arrangements referred to above, the aforesaid panels may comprise a frame formed from metal members secured togetherat right angles and recessed on one side to receive a sheetsuch as plywood whichxlies flush with said edges.

The frame members which are to be disposed horizontally may be provided with longitudinally extending grooves on their outwardly directed faces and with apertures on their side faces for receiving said clips.

Other features of the invention are set out in the following description and claims. 1

The following is a description of one form of shuttering according to this invention, suitable for casting a concrete wall, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a rear View of one of the panels, Figure 1A is an end elevation looking from the right of Figure 1,

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of ure 1, p

Figure 3is a plan view on a larger scale of a horizontal liner forlocating two panels one above the other, v

Figure 3A is a'front elevation of the horizontal liner drawn vertically for convenience, r Figure 3B is a rear elevation of the horizontal liner also drawn vertically for convenience, v Figure i is a vertical. section to a still larger scale through a panel and a horizontal liner, Figure 5 is a face view on a slightly smaller scale than that of Figure 4 of the junction'be- |8Hl of Figure -5,

Figure -11'is-aface view of a hinged panelfor one wall of the shuttering,

Figure 12 is a horizontal section through the hinged panel,

Figure 13 is a plan view of a correspondingly hinged panel for the outer Wall .of the shuttering, and

Figure it is a horizontal section'between abutting side frame members of a hinged panel and rigid panel.

As will be seen from Figure 1, each panel comprises a rectangular metal frame'having similar top and bottom horizontal frame members it and H, and similar upright side members 12 and I3.

Aswill ,be seen from Figures 4, and'r9, each of the top and bottom frame members is made up of two parts Hi and i which interlock to form a hollow box-like structure. The outwardlydirected face of each of the parts 15 is provided with .a :number of grooves l6 extending along the-lengththereof. The two parts of-each horizontal frame member .are secured together by undercut tongues and grooves .l'l. ,Each of the parts 14 is'shaped to :provide a recess it for ac-:

commodating the edges of a flat wall 49, which may be formed from plywood, and serves to retain the concrete. The rear face of each box like horizontal member is provided with a set of rectangular openings ,28 and .a ,set .of square .qpenings 2i. The shape of the upright side framemembers l2 andl3 is best shown in Figure 10., and each comprises .a web portion having .a flat outer face extending transversely to the plane of the panel, and each havinga flange 22 inset from-the front end ofthe Web to aeorresponding extent to the recess I.8 referred to above, a to accommodate the fla re inin wall l 9. The other extremity of each .web portion is provided with a flange 23 havinganother set of apertures 2,4 along the length thereof ,for the purpose hereinafter described. I-section strengthening members 25, are disposed yertically between the horizontal members ['0 and Il against the back of and serve to support the retaining wall [9.

Figure 5 shows this latter arrangement at the junction between 'four'such panels 25, El, 28, 23. It will be seen that the panels 29 and 26 are located one above the other by a horizontal liner member 3%, :while a similar liner member 30 locates the panel Ell above the panel 28. The two panels :26 and 2? are locatedside'by side in the same vertical plane, as are also the panels 29 and 28, by a two-part vertical liner 31 which extends-across the ends of all four panels, in the manner hereinafter "referred "to with reference to Figure 10.

As will be seen from Figures 4 and 9, each horizontal liner member 36 is made-up from two parts 32 and 3-3 which together form a box-like structure. The two parts are 'held together by undercut tongue and-slot connections 34 and the outer faces are provided with tongues and grooves 35 which interengage those of the horizontal frame members ill and H. The inner faces of the parts 32 and Rare provided-with similar tongues and grooves As will be seen from Figures 3A and 3B, the front and :back walls of the box-like -liner member 30 are provided with corresponding squareshaped apertures 33 and 38,- while in addition, the back wall is provided with two sets of rectangular apertures 39 and All, the former being arranged nearer the top edge of the liner mem-' ber,.-whereas the "latter are arranged nearer the bottom edge.

Referring to Figure 9, it will be noted that the panels 28 and 29 are secured on either side of the horizontal liner member 36 by U-shaped clips 11%|, the limbs of each of which clips engage respectively one of the apertures 23 in a horizontal frame member and one of the rectangular aperturests or it in the horizontal liner.

As is known, shuttering for casting a Wall comprises back and front panels which are spaced apart at a required distance according to the thickness of the wall. This spacing apart of the front and rear panels is effected by tie-rods 42 such as are shown in Figure l, which extend through the square aperture .37 in the front wall of each box-like horizontal liner-1nember 362, which tie-rod is provided with tongues and grooves for engaging the tongues and grooves-on the inner face of the bottom walls of the liner member .39. The tie-bars thus partly fill the cross-section of the square holes 31, leaving space for the insertionpf one limb of another ,U -shaped clip the other limb of which engages one of the rectangular apertures :20 in a horizontal frame member in or ll. The U- shaped-clip thus fulfills the dual function of maintaining the tie-bar in position and ;assisting in iclamping the panels to the horizontal linermember The notching of the tie-rods permits varying thicknesses of walls .to be cast by spacing the shuttering the required distance apart. it will ,bev appreciated-that the bars instead of engaging holesin the ,liner members .30 might extend through the horizontal frame member .IE! or i i therein by clips as set out above.

.A will b se n from Fi ure .10, the vertical liner 3! is also formed in two parts 14 and 4.5 which. are interconnected by undercut tongueand-slot joints as toform a rectangular section box-like structure the outside faces of which are flat and are arranged to abut the hat sidefaces of the web portions of the upright side frame members [2 and I3.

As will be seen from Figure 6, the vertical liner is provided on its rear wall with a number of square configuration apertures 41, while its side wall is provided with a number of rectangular apertures 48, as seen in Figure '7. The panels are clamped on either side of the vertical liner 3! by means of U-shaped clips 49, one limb of each of which engages one of the apertures 24 in the flange 23 of the side frame member 12 or 13 and the other limb of each of which engages a square hole 4"! in the vertical liner 3|.

As will be seen from Figure 10, those limbs of the U-shaped clips 49 which extend into the interior of a vertical liner abut against a rib 5! formed on the inner wall thereof. 1 Since the abutting faces of the members l2 and 4 2 and of the members l3 and 45 are fiat means are re quired for so locating them that the retaining walls is of two adjacent side by side panels are in the same vertical plane. This means comprises a further number of U shaped clips 51 which are arranged each to have one limb extendingthrough a rectangularopeningliz in a side frame member 12 0r [3 and through similar reotangularopening 48in the side of the vertical liner. By .these means, each wall .of the shuttering may-be built up of accurately aligned panels, the inner faces of which provide a substantially continuous fiat retainin wall.

In order that the shuttering may be readily taken apart, itis necessary, after the clips have Figures 11 to 14 show details in connectionwith hinged panels arranged to form' shuttering for the corner of a Wall. Figures 11 and 12 show the inner hinged panel, and Figure 13 the outside hinged panel.

The outer edge of each of the two'parts of each panel is flanked by a vertical frame member 53 of similar construction to the frame member l2 or l3 hereinbefore described, and pro vided with apertures for receiving the U-clips 54, such as is shown in Figure 14,-for securing these frame members 53 to the frame member l2 of the other part of the shuttering. Each of the upright frame members 53 is held to its panel by an angle-iron 60.

As will be seen from Figure 12, the two parts 55 and 56 of the inner panel are secured together by a hinge 51 whichpermits the two parts of the panel to be disposed at right angles. Each part ofthe hinge is provided with pairs of limbs 58 and 59 between which is located the panel. A

similar arrangement is provided for the outer panel, as shown in Figure 13, which may be of larger dimensions. I

As indicated above, each upright 53 is secured to an adjacent upright I2 by U-shaped clips 54,

a number of rectangular panels arranged in coplanar alignment, intervening liners between a set of horizontal edges of said panels, the opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of and the uprights 53 and I2 are additionally held in abutting relationship by a further ll-shaped clip 6| which straddles the angle-iron B0 and may be held in position by a pin passing through the r hole 62 in these parts. Holes for 'a similar purpose are shown in Figures 1, 2, '3, 4, 9 and 10,

whereby the U-shaped clips are prevented from being jolted out byvibration.

I claim:

1. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of panels arranged side by side with" intervening locating liners, opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels be: ing provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length" thereof.

2. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of rectangular panels arranged in 00-, planar alignment, intervening liners arranged between one set of parallel edges of said panels, the opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels being provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending,

ing along the whole length thereof, a second set of liners between the set of parallel edges of panel at right angles to the first said set, the opposed faces-of said second'se't of liners and the edges of said panels being 'fiat.

--4.-'-Formwork for casting concrete comprising said panels being provided with interengagingmultiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length thereof.

5. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of rectangular panels arranged in coplanar alignment, intervening liners between a set of horizontal edges of said panels, the opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels being provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length thereof, a second set of liners between the set of vertical edges of the panels and the opposed faces of said second set ofiliner vertical edges of said panels being fiat.

6. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of rectangular panels arranged in 00- planar alignment, intervening locating liners of rectangular cross-section betwen adjacent edges of said panels, the opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels are provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the'whole length thereof and the other faces of which liners are coplanar with the faces of said panels.

7 Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of panels arranged side by side with intervening locating liners, opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels being provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length thereof, and clamping means engaging said liners and panels and adapted to maintain them in engagement.

8. Formwork for casting concrete comprising two sets of rectangular panels, the panels of each set being arranged in coplanar alignment and the two sets of panels being spaced apart, intervening locating liners arranged between adjacent edges of the panels of each set, the opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels being provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along,

l0. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of panels arranged side by side with intervening locating liners, opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels being provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length thereof and U-shaped clamping members, the

limbs of which respectively engage holes in the panels and in the intervening liners so as to clamp the liners and panels together.

' l1. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of rectangular panelsarranged in coplanar alignment intervening liners arranged between one set of parallel edges of said panels, the opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels 'being. provided-with interagceaeeo 7 engaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along'the whole length thereof, a second set 'of liners between the set of parallel edges of the panel at right :angles to th first said set, "the opposed faces of said second set of liners and the edges of said panels "being fiat, clamping means between interenga'ging' multiple tongued and grooved faces to adapt-and maintain them in engagement, and other clamping means between said opposed flat faces adapted to prevent backward and forward movement between them.

12. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of panels arranged side by side with intervening locating liners, opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels being provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length thereof, and clampin means engaging said liners and panels and adapted to maintain them in en gagement, and tie-rods adjustably engaging locating liners of the two sets of panels so as to space said sets apart the ends of which tie-rods are provided with spaced projections along one side thereof adapted to engage spaced projections'forme-d on said locating liners;-

l3. Formwork for casting concrete comprising two sets of panels each arranged in coplanar alignment, which two sets are spaced apart, intervening locating liners arranged between horizontal' edgesof said panels in each set, the opposed faces of which. liners and of the edges of the panels are provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length thereof, and which liners and panels are provided with holes arranged one above the other, U-sh'aped clamping means arranged with their two limbs in the holes in the panels and liners, which holes in the liners are larger than saidlimbs, tie-bars arranged in said larger holes so as to extend between the two sets of panels, which tie-bars are provided with spaced projecti'ons along one'side thereof which engage sim ilarly spaced projections on said liners and are maintainedtherein-by said U-shaped clips.

14. Forinwork for casting concrete comprising a number of rectangular panels arranged in coplanar alignment, intervening locating liners of rectangular cross-section between adjacent edges of said panels, the opposed faces of which liners' and of the edges of said panels are provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whol'e'length thereof and the other faces of which liners are coplanar with the faces of said panels, which rectangular cross-section liners are formed in two interlocking parts spaced to provide a hollow structure.

15. Formwork for casting concrete comprising two sets of rectangular panels so arranged that the panels in each set are in coplanar alignment, intervening locating liner of rectangular crosssection between adjacent horizontal edges of said panels, the opposed faces of which liners and of the edges of said panels are provided with interengaging'multiple tongues and grooves extend in'g :along the whole length thereof and the other faces of which liners are coplanar with the faces of said panels, which rectangular liners are formed in two interlocking parts to provide a hollow structure, the inner faces of which opposite-the outer groove faces are likewise grooved but staggered relationship, the side faces of which hollow aligning members are provided with holes therein, tie-bars arranged to extend between the two sets of panels through said holes, which tie-bars are provided with projections thereon arranged 'to engage the tongues -..:and grooves on the inner: faces of the horizontal tiebars.

16. Formwork, for casting concrete comprising a number of panels each comprising a frame formed of metal members secured together :at right angles and recessed onone side to receive a sheet which lies flush with the faces of said members, which panels are arranged sideby side with interlocating liners between said frame members, opposed faces of which liners and'of the frame members are provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length thereof.

17. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of panels each comprising alfnam'e formed of metal members secured together at right angles and recessed onone side to receive a sheet which lies flush with the faces of said members, which panels are arranged side by side with intervening locating liners between said frame members, opposed faces of which liners and of the frame members are provided with interengaging' multiple tongues and grooves extending along the whole length thereof, which frame members and liners are provided with holes opposite one another and U-shapedclips engaging those holes and adapted to maintain the tongues and grooves of the two, parts in engagement.

18. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of panels each comprising a frame formed of horizontal, and vertical metal mem-. bers secured together at right angles and-recessed on one side to receive a sheet which lies flush with the faces of said .members, whichpanels are arranged side by side with intervening locating liners between said frame members, opposed faces of which liners and of the metal members are provided with interengaging multiple tongues andgrooves extending along the whole length thereof, which horizontal frame 1 members are provided on their outer faces with being multiple tongues and'grooves engaging similar tongues and grooves of the locating liners and which vertical frame members are provided with a Web portion extending transversely to the panel and provided at one end with a flange for supporting said sheet, and another flange at the other end provided with apertures and vertical liners between adjacent vertical members of said frame also provided with apertures and U- shaped clips arranged to engage both sets of apertures.

19. Formwork for casting concrete comprising a number of panels arranged side by side with intervening locating liners, opposed faces of which liners'and of the edges of said panels provided with interengaging multiple tongues and grooves extending along, the whole length thereof, which panels at the ends of the rows of panels are each formed in two parts disposed at an angle to one another.

' WILLIAM HAMILTON) I REFER/ENGES 'GI'il-ED Zlfce following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number i Name Date 969,248 Davis et a1 Sept. 6, 1910 1,306,384 McKay June 10, 1919 1,658,681 Jordan et al. Feb. 7, 1928 1,970,547 MacGregoretal. Aug. 21, 193.4; 2,122,181 Rerick -.=June 28,1938 

